Understanding Anxiety

Anxiety is a normal reaction to stress. Mild levels of anxiety can be beneficial in some situations. It can alert us to dangers and help us prepare and pay attention. However, anxiety disorders differ from normal nervousness and involve excessive fear or anxiety. They are the most common mental health disorders, affecting nearly 30% of adults at some point in their lives. Fortunately, they are treatable, and most people can lead normal, productive lives with proper treatment.

Types of Anxiety Disorders

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

This involves persistent and excessive worry that interferes with daily activities. It may come with physical symptoms such as:

• Restlessness
• Feeling on edge or easily fatigued
• Difficulty concentrating
• Muscle tension
• Problems sleeping

Worries often focus on daily matters like job responsibilities, family health, chores, car repairs, or appointments.

Panic Disorder

The core symptom is recurrent panic attacks—sudden, overwhelming bouts of physical and psychological distress.

Speak to your doctor if anxiety is:

• Affecting your daily life
• Causing you distress

Symptoms of Anxiety

• Restlessness
• A sense of dread
• Feeling constantly “on edge”
• Difficulty concentrating
• Irritability
• Dizziness
• Tiredness
• Palpitations (strong, fast, or irregular heartbeat)
• Muscle aches and tension
• Trembling or shaking
• Dry mouth
• Excessive sweating
• Shortness of breath
• Stomach ache
• Feeling sick
• Headache
• Pins and needles
• Insomnia (difficulty falling or staying asleep)

Treating Anxiety Disorder

Anxiety disorder can significantly impact your daily life. The following treatments are available:

• Talking therapies like cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT)
• Medication, such as SSRIs (a type of antidepressant)

Self-help tips to manage anxiety:

• Trying a self-help course
• Exercising regularly
• Stopping smoking
• Cutting down on alcohol
• Drinking less caffeine